我最感动的，是我在抗洪抢险第一线看到我们的人民解放军不顾一切地保卫人民，甚至用
身体保卫堤防，我禁不住热泪盈眶。
What touched me most over the past year was what l saw on the forefront of the
fight against flooding. I saw People’s Liberation Army soldiers using their
bodies to reinforce river embankments and to protect the lives and the safety
of the people. When seeing that，I was almost moved to tears.
美国《时代》周刊记者：您再过几天就将访问美国，但是考虑到现在华盛顿出现了一种很
不好的****的情绪，看来您的美国之行就好像您要踏入另一片“雷区”。
Premier Zhu，you are goihg to the United States in a few days，but，given the
bad anti-China mood in Washington，it looks like you are going to walk into an
other minefield．
在华盛顿人们指责中国从事间谍活动，或者是偷窃一些敏感的、高技术的情报用于提高中
国自己的军事技术，而这对美国的安全构成了威胁。
They accuse China of spying，of stealing sensitive information---high-tech inf
ormation which is then used to improve military technology that threatens US s
ecurlty.
您对这样的指责作如何的反应？
How do you react to that，to such accusations？
您打算怎样来改变美国人对中国的看法？
What can you do to improve or to change such a perception of China in the Unit
ed States？
在美国华盛顿有一些政客，他们在要求重新审查美国奉行的对华接触政策，在美国好像不
太喜欢中国的情况下，您认为中国还值得把美国当成你们的朋友吗？
Some politicians in Washington are calling for a re-evaluation of the engageme
nt policy with China. Is it worthwhile for you，for Chjna，to befriend the Unj
ted States even if they do not seem to like you？
答：在中美两国元首实现互访以后，中美之间致力于建立建设性战略伙伴关系，
Since the exchange of visits between the state heads of China and the United S
tates，the two countries have started to work on building a constructive strat
egic partnership.
中美关系发展势头本来是很好的。
The momentum of the growth of the Sino-US relationship has been quite good．
但是由于种种不讲你们也知道的原因，在美国出现了一种反对中国的潮流，这使我们感到
很不安。
However，due to various reasons which I do not see the need to mention here，h
as emerged an anti-China trend in the United States,which has caused concern f
rom our side.
意大利《24小时太阳报》记者：有人认为，10年以后世界会有3种大货币，美元、欧元，
另一个不知道是亚洲的日元还是人民币？你觉得人民币有这个可能性吗？
Some people believe that there will emerge three major currencies in the world
．One is the euro，another is the US dollar. Do you think there will be one ma
jor currency emerging in Asia？Do you think it will be the Japanese yen or the
Chinese renminbi？Do you think there is the possibility for the Chinese renmi
nbi to become one of the major currencies in the world？If so，what measures i
s the Chinese Government going to take to make that happen？
******答：人民币能否成为世界货币，这个问题不应该由我来回答，而且现在还言之过早
。但是我可以说一句：现在人民币非常坚挺，不会贬值。
The question whether the renminbi will become a world currency，in my view，is
not a question that should be answered by me and l think it is too ear1y now
to discuss this question. What can say is that the renminbi is now very strong
and it wiIl not be depreciated.
中央电视台记者：在过去一年中，中国政府经受了严峻的考验，也赢得广泛的赞誉。请问
过去一年让你最感困难的是什么，最不满意的是什么，最感动的又是什么？ Over the pa
st year，the Chinese Government has witnessed many severe tests and has also w
on extensive acclaim. My question is what was the most difficult task for you，
what were you most dissatisfied with and what touched you the most over the pa
st year?
答：过去的一年我感到非常困难，这个困难超过了我预料的程度。第一，我原来没有估计
到亚洲金融危机的影响这么大；第二，我国发生的历史上罕见的特大的洪涝灾害也超出了
我的预料。
I think the past year was extremelv difflcult and the difficulties actually we
re greater than we anticipated. The first reason was that the effect of the As
ian financial crisis was more serious than we had expected. And the second rea
son was that extremelv severe fIooding----which had been rarely seen in histor
y---also caused difficulties greater than we had expected.
但我感到满意的是，我们在以******同志为核心的党中央领导下，依靠全国人民的努力，
我们站住了，这两个困难我们都挺过去了。这是不容易的，所以我在政府工作报告中说了
一句：“来之不易”呀！
What l am satisfied with over the past year is that，under the leadership of t
he CentraI Committee of the Communist Party of China with Comrade Jiang Zemin
at its core and with the concerted efforts of the entire Chinese people，we ha
ve overcome these difficuties and stood rock-solid．I think that this was inde
ed very difficult．That’s why in my report on the work of the government，I s
aid the achievements really are very hard won.
我所不满意的，是我的工作没有做好。但是，我也感觉到，有个别部门和地区没有很好贯
彻中央的方针政策。 What l am dissatisfied with is that l have not done a good
job. However，at the same time l also feel that some departments and localitie
s have failed to implement to the letter the policies and measures formulated
by the Central Commjttee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council
.
我最感动的，是我在抗洪抢险第一线看到我们的人民解放军不顾一切地保卫人民，甚至用
身体保卫堤防，我禁不住热泪盈眶。
What touched me most over the past year was what l saw on the forefront of the
fight against flooding. I saw People’s Liberation Army soldiers using their
bodies to reinforce river embankments and to protect the lives and the safety
of the people. When seeing that，I was almost moved to tears.
美国《时代》周刊记者：您再过几天就将访问美国，但是考虑到现在华盛顿出现了一种很
不好的****的情绪，看来您的美国之行就好像您要踏入另一片“雷区”。
Premier Zhu，you are goihg to the United States in a few days，but，given the
bad anti-China mood in Washington，it looks like you are going to walk into an
other minefield．
在华盛顿人们指责中国从事间谍活动，或者是偷窃一些敏感的、高技术的情报用于提高中
国自己的军事技术，而这对美国的安全构成了威胁。
They accuse China of spying，of stealing sensitive information---high-tech inf
ormation which is then used to improve military technology that threatens US s
ecurlty.
您对这样的指责作如何的反应？
How do you react to that，to such accusations？
您打算怎样来改变美国人对中国的看法？
What can you do to improve or to change such a perception of China in the Unit
ed States？
在美国华盛顿有一些政客，他们在要求重新审查美国奉行的对华接触政策，在美国好像不
太喜欢中国的情况下，您认为中国还值得把美国当成你们的朋友吗？
Some politicians in Washington are calling for a re-evaluation of the engageme
nt policy with China. Is it worthwhile for you，for Chjna，to befriend the Unj
ted States even if they do not seem to like you？
答：在中美两国元首实现互访以后，中美之间致力于建立建设性战略伙伴关系，
Since the exchange of visits between the state heads of China and the United S
tates，the two countries have started to work on building a constructive strat
egic partnership.
中美关系发展势头本来是很好的。
The momentum of the growth of the Sino-US relationship has been quite good．
但是由于种种不讲你们也知道的原因，在美国出现了一种反对中国的潮流，这使我们感到
很不安。
However，due to various reasons which I do not see the need to mention here，h
as emerged an anti-China trend in the United States,which has caused concern f
rom our side.
我不认为我对美国的访问将要进入“地雷阵”，但是确实会遇到很多敌意和不友好的气氛
。
I do not think that by paying a visit to the United States l will step into a
minefield．But l do expect to encounter some hostile or unfiendly reactIons.
在今年2月22号的business weekly《商业周刊》上登了一篇题为China，what’s going w
rong （《中出了什么问题？》）的文章，
In February 22 issue，Business Weekly carried an article titled China，what’s
going wrong？This article is very special．
这篇文章十分特别，它认为中国已经大祸临头。
According to that article, it seems as though China is about to encounter a bi
g calamity or insolvency and a major disaster is looming close by.
我还没有看到美国的其他杂志发表过这样的文章。
Actually before that l had never seen an acticle carried by US media describin
g China like that.
这篇文章的发表也反映了现在美国出现的那一股潮流，实际上是美国的内部斗争把中美关
系作为牺牲品。
I think the emergence of such an article reflects the emerging anti-Chjna tren
d and that the Sino-US relationship has been victimized by partisan politics i
n the United States.
这样，我也成了一个受害者。这家杂志的封面上登了我的一张照片，这张照片看起来我就
像个死人。
I am also a victim, for on the cover of that magazine I was portrayed like a d
ead person.
在这种气氛中，我应邀访美当然是个很不轻松的任务，很多媒体也预言我的访问不可能成
功，但是我还是要去，因为既然你们有气，我就要去给你们消消气。
Under such circumstances，my visit to the US wiIl not be an easy job．Accordin
g to the prediction of many media organizations，my forthcoming visit is unlik
ely to be successful. However，I will go anywav to lend them a chance to vent
their anger or complaints.
这不是个“地雷阵”，无非是气氛不太好，但我的访问就是要去说明真相，恢复中美致力
于建立建设性战略伙伴关系的好势头。
As I just mentioned now,I do not think my visit will lead me into a minefield
,only that l will encounter a negative atmosphere in the United States. By goi
ng to the United States l will trv to clarify the truth and also to resume the
momentum of developing a constructive strategic partnership between China and
the United States.
刚才，你要我说明关于所谓中国盗窃美国军事机密的问题。
Just now you asked me to clarify the truth about the allegation of China steal
ing US militarv secrets. Now I’d like to answer the question.
我认为，在这个问题上美国方面的人士犯了两个“过低估计”的错误。
To me some people in the United States have made two mistakes．
过低估计了美国自己的保密能力。
One is that the they have underestimated the ability of the United States to g
uard their secrets．
据我所知，美国洛斯阿拉莫斯实验室里的保密措施十分严密，根本就不可能泄露什么机密
，所以直到现在他们没有能够找出那位李文和博士泄露机密的证据，没法起诉他，只好把
他解雇了。
To my knowledge，the Los Alamos laboratory has very tight security measures. A
s each of those working there knows about only a part of a project，it is impo
ssible for them to leak any secrets．Therefore，even now，they have not found
any solid evidence to prosecute Dr Wen Ho Lee. They can only fire him.
我们不要忘记历史，
We shall never forget history.
历史上曾经有过这种草木皆兵、人人自危的时期，在美国有过这种时期，
Historically，both China and the United States have experienced such periods w
hen hysteria becomes the norm.
在中国也有过这种时期。就是文化大革命。
A typical example in China is the“cultural revolution.”
过低估计了中国开发军事技术的能力。
Another of fheir rmistakes is that they have underestimated China military res
earch development capabiiities，
中国人是很聪明、很勤奋的，许多华裔美国人的成就就证明了这一点；
The Chinese are intelligent and diligent，as evidenced by many Chinese America
ns．
中国独立自主地开发“两弹一星”也证明了这一点。
Also a case in point is that China independently developed its atomic and hydr
ogen bombs and man- made satellites.
中国完全有能力开发任何的军事技术，
China is fully capable of developing any military technology.
这仅仅是个时间问题。
It is only a matter of time.
但是请记住，中国是最早声明不首先使用核武器的国家。
But please keep in mind that China is the first countrv to declare that not be
the first to use nuclear weapons．
我们已经停止了核试验，
Already we have imposed an moratorium on nuclear testing.
我们和美国已经签订了导弹互不瞄准的协议。
We’ve agreed wlth the United States on the mudnon，targeting of missiles ffai
nst each other.
我们为什么还要冒政治上和道德上的风险去盗窃什么人的军事机密呢？
Why should Chjna take the political and moraI risk of stealing others’ milita
ry technology or secrets？
所以，所谓中国盗窃美国的军事机密的问题，可以认为是一种天方夜谭。
The alleged Chinese theft of US military technology is only a fictioh.
台湾人权新闻通讯社记者：1993年下半年开始实施的宏观调控有成效。
Since the introduction of the policy of macro regulation and control in the se
cond half of 1993，such policy has produced four major results.
对付亚洲金融危机有一个很大的截阻作用；
The first result is that it helped China to cope with the Asian financial cris
is．
在中国内部使金融市场稳定，物价稳定，社会稳定。
Secondly, it also has exerted three major functions in China，that is stabilit
y of the currency，the second is the stability of prices，and the third is soc
ial stability.
请问宏观调控今后怎样继续做到内外兼顾？
So my question is jn the course of macro regulation and control by what measur
es would you take into consideration all these four functions and also in your
fiscal and economic policies.
另外，您这次到美国去将面临人权问题，这个问题也可能是一个焦点。请就人权问题提出
您的看法。
You are going to visit the United States soon, so l expect the human rights qu
estion will become a very important topic during your trip. Would you please g
ive us some of your views on this issue？
答：1993年下半年开始采取加强宏观调控的措施，
It was in l993 that China set up its policy of macro regulation and control．
当时正是中国加大改革开放力度，取得巨大成就的时候。
That was a time when China had achieved great results after the widening of op
ening up to the outside world and deepening reform.
与此同时也出现了某种程度的过热，就是在房地产、开发区、股票市场方面出现了过热现
象。
Meanwhile，there was also some overheating in the economic sector ,mainly in t
he real estate sector and the stock markets.
这种过热导致1994年通货膨胀达到21．7％。
Such economic overheating resulted in a very high inflation rate of 21．7 per
cent in l994.
当时邓小平同志还在世，在他的支持下，以******同志为核心的党中央决定加强宏观调控
，
At that time Deng Xiaoping still alive. With his support，and also under the l
eadership of the CPC CentraI Committee with comrade Jiang Zemin at the core，t
he decision was made to strengthen macro regulation and control．
采取了16条措施，其中13条是经济措施，有11条是关于金融方面的。
Sixteen measures were adopted，of which l3 were economic measures. And out of
the 13 economic measures,11 were related to the banking and financial sector .
由于加强了宏观调控，使中国在两年多一点的时间解决了经济过热问题，改革开放和社会
主义建设取得了很大成绩。
Thanks to these 16 measures adopted aimed at strengthening macro regulation an
d control，within a period of a little more than two years，China successfully
resolved the problem of economic overheating and resumed the momentum of econ
omic growth，and also scored great achievements in socialist development..
去年中国之所以能够抵御亚洲金融危机的冲击，就是因为我们在1993年已经发生了这种金
融问题， The reason why China had managed to avoid the impact of the Asian fin
ancial crisis last year was that it already experienced such a kind of financi
al crisis in l993．
幸好我们在它还未扩大的时候就把它制止住了。
And, fortunately,we managed to check such financial crisis before it spread.
我们有了宏观调控的经验，才使我们在去年的亚洲金融危机中站得笔直。
And it was precisely because of the accumulated experiece of macro regulation
and control that we were able to stand rock- solid last year amid the Asian fi
nancial crisis.
我在这里想介绍2月16日《纽约时报》发表的一篇文章，这篇文章意思是说美国在亚洲大力
推行资本的过分流动，促成了危机的发生，危机发生后又通过国际金融组织贷款，要一些
国家实行紧缩财政、提高利率等并不适合这些国家的政策，结果使金融危机加深。
I’d like to recommend to you a February 16 article in The New York Times titl
ed The.US Would Aid Asia to Let Cash Flow in According to this article，the Un
ited States has played a part in promoting the oyerflow of capital in Asia.,th
at result in the eruption of the crisis in Asia. After the eruption of the cri
sis, international financial institutions came out to extend loans to these co
untries while accompanied by some policies which were not approprlate to their
national conditions，such as proposals for fiscal austerity and raising inter
est rates，that actually agravated the crisis．
关于这个问题、这些观点，我早在去年就已经讲过，所有到中国来访问的贵宾，我都给他
们讲过，包括你们《时代》杂志2月15日一期封面上的3个人：格林斯潘、鲁宾、萨默斯，
你们称之为阻止了世界金融崩溃的3个人。这3个人我去年都跟他们谈过，我想他们也同意
我的观点。
I expressed the very same view last year during discussions with many foreign
visitors，including Mr Alan Greenspan，Mr Robert Rubin and Lawrence Summers, w
ho were on the cover of the February l5 issue of Time magazine. Time magazine
termed them the Three Musketeers who prevented a worldwide financial melt-down
. I discussed this question with all these three gentlemen and I believed they
agreed with me on that.
我说这些话，并不是想跟《纽约时报》那两位作者分稿费，因为我的这个观点也没有申请
专利。
As for me, by mentioning the article,.I do not intend to ask the co-authors of
that article to share with me their rovalties for that article，because l did
n’t apply patent for my viewpoint.
我只是说，经济的发展、金融的开放必须有宏观调控，
What l want to say is that economlic development and financial liberalization
must be accompanied by proper macro regulation and control．
要根据每个国家的具体情况实行不同的宏观调控政策。
And different strategies of macro regulation and control should be adopted acc
ording to the specific conditions of different countries.
过快地要求一个国家开放资本市场，过分地扩大资本的流动性，往往欲速不达，很可能破
坏这个国家的经济。
To urge a country to liberalize or open its capital market too quickly or to r
equest an overflow of capital in the country would only result in what we call
“more haste，less speed” and would only undermine the economy of the country
concerned.
刚才还提出了一个人权问题。我想这也是在座很多记者想向我提出的一个问题。
Just now Mr Zhou Yousi also asked the question about human rights，I believe t
his is also a question of interest to many of you present here today，so l wil
l say a few womds about it.
所有跟我们中国领导人会见的外宾，很少有不谈人权问题的，好像不谈中国的人权问题回
去就不好交待。
Actually，of the foreign guests received by Chinese leaders．few failed to men
tion the question of human rights.It seems that without mentioning the questio
n of human rights thev would find it dillicult to justify themselves after goi
ng back.
因此，这个问题在我向他们重复了这么多遍以后，今天实在不想再讲了。
But after so many repetitions regarding this question of human rights，I am re
ally very reluctant to talk about this any more today.
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